SAINT ANTHONY OF PADUA
Doctor of the Church
1195 – 1231
Feast Day: June 13
Patronage: Portugal, Padua, Lisbon, amputees, barren women, domestic animals, draftees, oppressed people, orphans, paupers, the poor, pregnant women, prisoners, sailors, strawberry sellers
Invoked: to find lost articles, to find a husband, against shipwreck, against debt, against starvation
“But the apostles “spoke as the Spirit gave them the gift of speech.” Happy the man whose words issue from the Holy Spirit and not from himself.”
It is hard to find a Catholic Church that does not have a statue of Saint Anthony of Padua. Also known as “The Wonder Worker”, he is the most popular saint in the world. It was said that Saint Anthony was so infused with the holy spirit that he could stop the rain, raise the dead, reattach severed limbs and have fish lift themselves from the water to listen to him By repeating the words, “Tony, Tony, look around, something’s lost that must be found,” any lost article will resurface. Like other saints known for their ability to control nature, he would be seen preaching in two different places at the same time. Greatly beloved in his own lifetime, he was canonized within a year of his death, the second quickest canonization in Church history. Though he has been dead for over 750 years, his cathedral in Padua attracts millions of pilgrims every year who feel such an affinity for him that they invoke him for help in both ordinary and extraordinary matters.
A contemporary of Saint Francis of Assisi, Anthony was born Ferdinando de Bulhes in Lisbon, Portugal to a noble family. Raised in the heart of Lisbon, he was educated at the Cathedral school. Against his family’s wishes he joined the Augustinian religious order where he immersed himself in intensive study. Finding life at the Abbey in Lisbon too social and luxurious, he requested a transfer to the city of Coimbra, then the capitol of the newly found country of Portugal. For the next eight years he read every book in the monastery’s library and devoted himself to contemplative prayer.
While serving as the doorkeeper in his monastery he befriended a group of monks who used to beg at his door. Fascinated with their dedication to simplicity and poverty, he learned that they were from the newly formed Order of Franciscans. When the remains of five Franciscan martyrs were brought back from Morocco and installed in his monastery to great public acclaim, he was inspired to become a missionary and possible martyr himself. He got permission to join the little band of Franciscans and changed his name from Ferdinando to Anthony in honor of the great fourth century monastic, Saint Anthony of the Desert, the patron of the little church where the friars lived. Intent on preaching the gospel in Morocco, Anthony arrived there with one other friar. His plans were dashed when he was stricken with malaria.
After spending the winter in bed, he attempted to return home to Portugal but his ship was blown off course and he found himself in Messina, Sicily. While there, Anthony met a group of Franciscan friars who were heading north for a gathering of all Franciscans with their founder, Francis. Anthony accompanied them to Assisi where he attended the famous 1221 gathering of over 2,000 Franciscans to celebrate Pentecost. This brand new religious order was fast sweeping Europe by inspiring Catholics to return to the original words of Christ. When the meeting ended and the friars were disbursing, Anthony was assigned to the hermitage of Montepaolo in Forli, Italy. Many Franciscans came from the ranks of the uneducated and Anthony never mentioned his noble background or his years of learning, he only requested to study more.
While at Forli, Anthony attended an ordination along with other Franciscans and several Dominican friars. It was discovered that no one had been appointed to preach. As his Superior’s
polite request for a speaker were repeatedly turned down, he turned to Anthony and ordered him to say whatever the Holy Spirit infused into him. At first shaky and shy, Anthony’s speech became strong and intense. In simple words he was able to explain the most complicated scriptural matters. His audience was astonished not only at his incredible speaking ability but also at the depth of his knowledge. This began his public career as one of the most charismatic preachers of all time.
He was sent throughout northern Italy and southern France on spiritual preaching missions. Vast crowds soon gathered to hear him. He was known as “The Hammer of the Heretics” for his success in winning over converts. In 1224 he received a letter from Saint Francis himself requesting that he teach theology to his fellow friars. His tenure in the college of Bologna in 1225 was followed by a move to Padua. Anthony is credited with realizing the Franciscan school of theology.
At Padua, he did much to work on alleviating the debt that the common people were getting into due to the change in the social economy from an agrarian one to a cash based one. At Anthony’s insistence, the Municipality of Padua passed a law which still stand today, in favor of debtors who could not pay their debts. Debt relief and the plight of the poor in the face of increasing wealth were major topics of Anthony’s speeches. It was difficult for the city of Padua to control the crowds of over 30,000 who would come to hear him and he would frequently preach out in the piazzas and open fields. Luxury, avarice and tyranny were the three vices that most troubled him. When he was asked to speak at the funeral of a moneylender he quoted the words of the Gospel, “Where thy treasure is, there is also thy heart.” He then told the mourners, “That rich man is dead and buried in hell; but go to his treasures and you will find his heart.” When his friends and relatives did as they were told, they found the man’s still warm heart among his coins.
Though only 36 years old, Anthony’s health was faltering. An asthmatic, he found great relief in rural settings among nature and he made frequent trips to meditate at Francis’s hermitage at La Verna. A local count donated a woodland retreat for his use. One morning the count heard a child giggling and looked out to find Anthony surrounded in light playing with the baby Jesus. That Christ would choose this most vulnerable state to visit one of His saints is considered further proof of the goodness and kindness of Saint Anthony.
His death was the cause of intense public mourning and his swift canonization is a testament to the fact he reached the very top church hierarchy as well as the common people with his great gifts. He was declared a Doctor of the Church because of his deep knowledge and ability to share it with others. The construction of his cathedral began immediately after death, the people of Padua insisting that it be in the combined styles of Romanesque, Byzantine and Arabic because Anthony is “everybody’s saint.” When his relics were translated 32 years later, his tongue was found in perfect condition, not decomposed at all. It is currently on display in a reliquery at his cathedral in Padua.
Though there are many older paintings depicting the many miracles of Saint Anthony, since the 17th Century he has traditionally been depicted holding a lily and the baby Jesus. Usually there is a psalter, or book of psalms in the picture that the baby’s foot rests on. This is to show that Christ comes directly out of these writings. It is also the root of Anthony’s patronage of finding lost things. While at Bologna, when a departing novice borrowed this psalter and attempted to leave the monastery with it, he was confronted by a terrifying devil brandishing an axe who chased him back to the saint. Draftees invoke him for a good number on the list and since he did so much for the poor and those in debt he is their patron. Because he holds the baby Jesus, women having trouble conceiving request his aid. In Portugal and Brazil, his feast day is auspicious for marriages and women seeking husbands will bury a statue of Saint Anthony until he finds one for them. They later free the saint when this is accomplished.
Novena Prayer to Saint Anthony of Padua
Holy Saint Anthony, gentle and powerful in your help,
Your love for God and charity for His creatures,
Made you worthy, when on earth, to possess miraculous powers.
Miracles waited on your word,
Which you were always ready to request for those in trouble or anxiety.
Encouraged by this thought, I implore you to obtain for me (request).
The answer to my prayer may require a miracle.
Even so, you are the saint of miracles.
Gentle and loving Saint Anthony, whose heart is ever full of human sympathy,
Take my petition to the Infant Savior for whom you have such a great love,
and the gratitude of my heart will be ever yours.
Amen
To be said nine times in a row for nine days in a row.
(Excerpted from the book “Saints:Ancient and Modern” by Barbara Calamari and Sandra DiPasqua
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